高温处理对漆蜡碘值的影响

为了研究高温处理对漆蜡皂化值的影响情况,设处理温度分别为100、110、120、130、140和150℃,处理时间长度分别为1、2、3、4和5 h,就不同温度条件和处理时间对漆蜡碘值的影响情况进行了试验。结果表明:在100℃的温度条件下,不同处理时间的漆蜡碘值整体低于其他几组温度处理的,其变化范围为62.4~70.2 mg·g-1;当温度为150℃时,不同处理时间的漆蜡碘值比其他几组温度处理的整体上相对要高些,其变化范围为76.0~85.8 mg·g-1;不同温度处理的漆蜡碘值存在差异,且差异达到极显著水平,其中处理温度为100℃与其他5组处理温度(110、120、130、140和150℃)对漆蜡碘值的影响差异均达到极显著水平;110与120℃、130和150℃各组处理对漆蜡碘值的影响差异显著;120、130、140和150℃的温度条件下不同处理时间对漆蜡碘值的影响均存在差异,但相互之间的差异均未达到显著水平。     

传统村落整体人文生态系统浅析

指出了整体人文生态系统是人与自然环境协同演化发展形成的有机整体 ,传统村落的整体人文生态系统更是人与自然和谐发展的典型范例.从认知、理解、运用三个层面浅析了传统村落整体人文生态系统 ,并以永定县客家土楼传统村落、元阳县哈尼族传统村落为例评价了传统村落的整体人文生态系统 ,以定位该村落的现状 ,分析了其特征来剖析该村落的遗产价值 ,最后提出了对其保护与开发的简要规划.     

从世遗标准看广东客家乡村景观的文化遗产价值

在认知粤东北传统客家乡村景观遗产分布、构成及现状的基础上,运用世界遗产杰出普世价值的评估标准,分析归纳了它作为文化景观的遗产价值;主要体现在三个方面:1)两千年中原文化南迁历史的活体见证;2)客家传统文化及民俗风貌的独特展示;3)岭南山区人居环境营造的杰出范例。     

Association of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6 promoter polymorphisms in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their household contacts of younger age group

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine genes have been found to be involved in the clinical outcome of Tuberculosis. The present study was aimed to identify the high risk genotypes in Tuberculosis patients and their household contacts. A total of 490 subjects were studied which includes 150 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients (APTB), 190 household contacts (HHC) and 150 healthy controls (HC). The SNPs of TNF-α (-308A/G), IL-10(-1082G/A) and IL-6(-174G/C) were performed by ARMs PCR. The IL-10 GA genotype showed significant association in APTB and HHC and was 2.3 times higher risk in APTB and 3.7 times in HHC compared to HCs. The A allele was found to be significantly associated with the risk of disease. The CC genotype of IL-6 was found to be significantly associated in APTB and an insignificant positive association in HHCs. The multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis indicated that the genotypes of IL-6 were showing high risk with GA genotype of IL-10. In conclusion the gene interaction may be useful for identification of genotypes as biomarkers to distinguish high risk individuals.     

Effect of dietary oxidized oil and vitamin E on growth performance,lipid peroxidation and fatty acid profile of Labeo rohita fingerlings

A 3 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted on Labeo rohita fingerlings to evaluate the effect of dietary oxidized oil and vitamin E. Nine experimental diets were made, based on three degrees of oil oxidation (fresh oil, low oil oxidation and high oil oxidation), and each level of oxidation was further supplemented with three levels of vitamin E (0, 100 and 1,000 mg/kg). Weight gain% and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed fresh fish oil and low oil oxidation level were significantly higher than highly oxidized oil. Moreover, vitamin E supplemented fish also showed better growth performance. Oil oxidation caused a significant reduction in the concentrations of α‐tocopherol and increase in TBARS level and antioxidant enzyme activities in fish liver and muscles. However, increasing the dietary vitamin E abrogated these effects. Dietary vitamin E supplementation improved the fatty acid, more specifically polyunsaturated fatty acids profile of oxidized oil fed fish. In conclusion, dietary oxidized fish oil increased the oxidative stress condition of fish but supplementation of high dose of vitamin E prevented lipid oxidation, improved growth performance and fatty acid profile of L. rohita.     

粪肠球菌生长曲线的测定及其对小鼠脑组织的影响

为测定致羔羊脑炎粪肠球菌（Enterococcus faecalis）的生长曲线，寻求一种快速而准确的方法测定不同生长时期粪肠球菌数量，并客观评价其毒性强弱及其对小鼠脑组织的影响，试验采用平板菌落计数法和OD-Monitor振荡比浊法（D_λ值法）测定粪肠球菌的生长曲线，探究该菌在合适时间段内的吸光值（D_{600 nm}）与平板菌落计数法测定的活菌数（CFU）的关系。用粪肠球菌感染小鼠，观察记录小鼠的死亡情况，最后采用Karber法计算粪肠球菌感染小鼠的半数致死量（LD₅₀）。用LD₅₀的剂量感染小鼠，及时采集死亡小鼠脑组织，未死亡的小鼠72 h后全部剖杀取脑组织，一部分做涂片染色，制作病理切片，观察病理变化；一部分进行培养，用于PCR方法进行细菌的回收鉴定。结果显示，用两种方法测定此株粪肠球菌的生长曲线基本一致，在2~8 h生长迅速，为对数生长期，8~14 h生长缓慢，为稳定期，14 h之后死亡数增加，进入衰亡期；对12 h粪肠球菌D_{600 nm}与CFU的关系进行探讨，成功建立回归方程：y=20.769x-1.3422，R²=0.997；其感染小鼠的LD₅₀为7.77×10¹¹个活菌。以此剂量感染小鼠，脑组织涂片染色和培养染色，均能看到革兰氏阳性球菌；PCR结果显示，均出现了大小为112 bp的条带。对脑组织进行病理学观察发现该菌可导致脑组织充血、出血、形成微血栓，脑膜充血。通过生长曲线和其D_{600 nm}与CFU关系的建立，可实时监测粪肠球菌数量，为后期更深入研究粪肠球菌穿越血脑屏障的机制奠定重要的理论基础。     

Neuroprotective effect of novel Rho kinase inhibitor FSD-C10 on a mouse model of Alzheimer disease

AIM: To explore the neuroprotective effect of novel Rho kinase inhibitor FSD-C10 on Alzheimer disease (AD) model of APP/PS1 double transgenic (Tg) mice. METHODS: Male APP/PS1 Tg mice (n=20) at 8 months of age were randomly divided into 2 groups:model group and FSD-C10 treatment group. The mice were treated with normal saline or FSD-C10 (25 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by intraperitoneal injection, once daily for 2 months. Age-and sex-matched wild-type (WT) mice without treatment were used as the control. The Morris water maze (MWM) test and SMART 3.0 behavioral record system were applied to examine and analyze the spatial cognitive function of the mice. The protein levels and distribution of Aβ, p-tau and synapse-associated proteins such as synaptophysin, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) were determined by immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of phosphorylated amyloid precursor protein at Thr668[p-APP(Thr668)], beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and synapse-associated proteins in the brain were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with model group, FSD-C10 treatment significantly improved the cognitive function of the APP/PS1 Tg mice, accompanied by reduced Aβ deposition and p-tau level, increased protein level of p-APP (Thr668) in the central nervous system, decreased expression of BACE1, and increased expression of synapse-associated proteins in the brain of the mice (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FSD-C10 has neuroprotective potential in the APP/PS1 Tg mice. The mechanism may be related to enhancing the non-amyloidogenic APP cleavage pathway, reducing the production of Aβ oligomers, the deposition of senile plaques and the amount of tau protein, up-regulating synapse-associated proteins, and increasing synaptic plasticity.     

以投资为目的的森林资源资产评估问题探讨

随着以投资为目的的森林资源资产评估业务日益增多,许多相关的理论问题亟需解决。通过对该目的下的价值类型、评估方法、评估参数等问题研究发现:价值类型的选择主要取决于委托者的利益诉求,同时要考虑现实市场条件的限制,具体可选类型包括市场价值类型与投资价值类型;评估方法的选择要与评估目的、价值类型相适应。当选择市场价值类型时,市场比较法应该是评估首选。当选择投资价值类型时,如果委托方是财务投资者,收益现值法是评估首选,如果委托方是战略投资者,公式P=Va+S×K应是评估首选;评估参数的选择,要与评估方法相一致,市场法的关键参数是可比的参照对象,收益现值法应用的关键参数是投资收益率,公式P=Va+S×K应用的关键参数是收益分成率K。以投资为目的的森林资源资产评估中,还要考虑森林采伐限额及其他相关政策的影响。